These functions convert the arg argument to an unsigned value with size bits. The function provided by the std_logic_arith library can't convert a std_logic_vector to an integer because it is impossible to determine if it represents an unsigned or signed value. Functions that do this are included in the std_logic_unsigned and std_logic_signed libraries.
function conv_unsigned(arg: integer, size: integer) return unsigned; function conv_unsigned(arg: unsigned, size: integer) return unsigned; function conv_unsigned(arg: signed, size: integer) return unsigned; function conv_unsigned(arg: std_ulogic, size: integer) return unsigned;
signal u1, u2 : unsigned (3 downto 0); signal s1 : signed (3 downto 0); signal i1, i2 : integer; ... s1 <= "0101"; i1 <= 13; wait for 10 ns; u1 <= conv_unsigned(s1, 4); -- = "0101" = 5 u2 <= conv_unsigned(i1, 4); -- = "1101" = 13
https://www.cs.sfu.ca/~ggbaker/reference/std_logic/arith/conv_unsigned.html