substr() - string

Returns the portion of string specified by the
   start and length parameters.

Parameters : 
 string - The input string. Must be one character or longer. 
 start - If start is non-negative, the returned string
       will start at the start'th position in
       string, counting from zero. For instance,
       in the string 'abcdef', the character at
       position 0 is 'a', the
       character at position 2 is
       'c', and so forth.
      

       If start is negative, the returned string
       will start at the start'th character
       from the end of string.
      

       If string is less than
       start characters long, FALSE will be returned.
      


Example #1 Using a negative start


 
 length - If length is given and is positive, the string
       returned will contain at most length characters
       beginning from start (depending on the length of
       string).
      

       If length is given and is negative, then that many
       characters will be omitted from the end of string
       (after the start position has been calculated when a
       start is negative).  If
       start denotes the position of this truncation or
       beyond, FALSE will be returned.
      

       If length is given and is 0,
       FALSE or NULL, an empty string will be returned.
      

       If length is omitted, the substring starting from
       start until the end of the string will be
       returned.
      

Example #2 Using a negative length


 

Syntax

string substr
    ( string $string
   , int $start
   [, int $length
  ] )

Example

<?php$rest = substr("abcdef", -1);    // returns "f"$rest = substr("abcdef", -2);    // returns "ef"$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, 1); // returns "d"?>

Output / Return Value

Limitations

Alternatives / See Also

Reference