buttord() - Signal Processing

buttord calculates the minimum order of a digital or analog Butterworth
filter required to meet a set of filter design specifications.Digital Domain[n,Wn] = buttord(Wp,Ws,Rp,Rs)  returns the lowest order, n, of the
digital Butterworth filter with no more than Rp dB of passband ripple and at least Rs dB of attenuation in the stopband. The scalar (or vector)
of corresponding cutoff frequencies, Wn, is also
returned. Use the output arguments n and Wn in butter.Choose the input arguments to specify the stopband and passband
according to the following table.Description of Stopband and Passband Filter
ParametersParameterDescription
WpPassband corner frequency Wp, the
cutoff frequency, is a scalar or a two-element vector with values between 0 and 1, with 1 corresponding to the
normalized Nyquist frequency, π radians per
sample.
WsStopband corner frequency Ws, is a
scalar or a two-element vector with values between 0 and 1, with 1
corresponding to the normalized Nyquist frequency. 
RpPassband ripple in decibels. 
RsStopband attenuation in decibels. This value is the number
of decibels the stopband is down from the passband. 
Use the following guide to specify filters of different types.Filter Type Stopband and Passband SpecificationsFilter TypeStopband
and Passband ConditionsStopbandPassband
LowpassWp < Ws, both
scalars(Ws,1)(0,Wp)
HighpassWp > Ws, both
scalars(0,Ws)(Wp,1)
BandpassThe interval specified by Ws contains
the one specified by Wp (Ws(1) < Wp(1)
< Wp(2) < Ws(2)).(0,Ws(1)) and (Ws(2),1)(Wp(1),Wp(2))
BandstopThe interval specified by Wp contains
the one specified by Ws (Wp(1) < Ws(1)
< Ws(2) < Wp(2)).(Ws(1),Ws(2))(0,Wp(1)) and (Wp(2),1)
If your filter specifications call for a bandpass or bandstop
filter with unequal ripple in each of the passbands or stopbands,
design separate lowpass and highpass filters according to the specifications
in this table, and cascade the two filters together.Analog Domain[n,Wn] = buttord(Wp,Ws,Rp,Rs,'s') finds
the minimum order n and cutoff frequencies Wn for
an analog Butterworth filter.
You specify the frequencies Wp and Ws similar
those described in the Description of Stopband and Passband Filter
Parameters table
above, only in this case you specify the frequency in radians per
second, and the passband or the stopband can be infinite.Use buttord for lowpass, highpass, bandpass,
and bandstop filters as described in the Filter Type Stopband and Passband Specifications table above.

Syntax

[n,Wn] = buttord(Wp,Ws,Rp,Rs) [n,Wn] = buttord(Wp,Ws,Rp,Rs,'s')

Example

Lowpass Butterworth FilterOpen This Example
For data sampled at 1000 Hz, design a lowpass filter with no more than 3 dB of ripple in a passband from 0 to 40 Hz, and at least 60 dB of attenuation in the stopband. Find the filter order and cutoff frequency.
Wp = 40/500;
Ws = 150/500;

[n,Wn] = buttord(Wp,Ws,3,60)

n =

     5


Wn =

    0.0810

Specify the filter in terms of second-order sections and plot the frequency response.[z,p,k] = butter(n,Wn);
sos = zp2sos(z,p,k);

freqz(sos,512,1000)
title(sprintf('n = %d Butterworth Lowpass Filter',n))

Bandpass Butterworth FilterOpen This Example
Design a bandpass filter with a passband from 60 to 200 Hz with at most 3 dB of passband ripple and at least 40 dB attenuation in the stopbands. Specify a sampling rate of 1 kHz. Have the stopbands be 50 Hz wide on both sides of the passband. Find the filter order and cutoff frequencies.
Wp = [60 200]/500;
Ws = [50 250]/500;
Rp = 3;
Rs = 40;
[n,Wn] = buttord(Wp,Ws,Rp,Rs)

n =

    16


Wn =

    0.1198    0.4005

Specify the filter in terms of second-order sections and plot the frequency response.[z,p,k] = butter(n,Wn);
sos = zp2sos(z,p,k);

freqz(sos,128,1000)
title(sprintf('n = %d Butterworth Bandpass Filter',n))

Output / Return Value

Limitations

Alternatives / See Also

Reference